Passive Voice Across Tenses

আজকে আমরা শিখব Passive Voice Across Tenses। HSC, SSC বা যেকোনো Job Exam (যেমন: BCS/Bank Job)-এর জন্য এই নিয়মগুলো জানা খুবই জরুরি।

Passive Voice-এর মূল ফর্মুলা:#

Active থেকে Passive করার মূল নিয়মটি হলো: Object টি Subject হবে + Tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary/Be Verb + Verb-এর Past Participle (V3) + by/other preposition + Subject টি Object হবে।

১. Present Tenses:#

• Simple Present (Present Indefinite):
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + am/is/are + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: He writes a letter.
• Passive: A letter is written by him.

• Present Continuous:
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + am being / is being / are being + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: She is cooking rice.
• Passive: Rice is being cooked by her.

• Present Perfect:
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + have been / has been + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: They have completed the work.
• Passive: The work has been completed by them.

২. Past Tenses:#

• Simple Past (Past Indefinite):
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + was/were + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: Shakib played cricket.
• Passive: Cricket was played by Shakib.

• Past Continuous:
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + was being / were being + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: They were watching the football match.
• Passive: The football match was being watched by them.

• Past Perfect:
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + had been + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: He had locked the door.
• Passive: The door had been locked by him.

৩. Future Tenses:#

• Simple Future (Future Indefinite):
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + shall be / will be + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: I will buy a new smartphone.
• Passive: A new smartphone will be bought by me.

• Future Perfect:
• Structure: Subject (Obj) + will have been + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: She will have baked the cake.
• Passive: The cake will have been baked by her.

(নোট: সাধারণত Continuous বা Perfect Continuous টেন্সের Future Passive ব্যবহার খুব কম হয়।)

৪. Modal Verbs (can, could, may, might, must, should):#

• Structure: Subject (Obj) + Modal + be + V3 + by + Object (Sub)
• Active: You must follow the traffic rules.
• Passive: The traffic rules must be followed by you.

Pro-Tip for Bangladeshi Students:#

• Continuous tense থাকলেই Be-verb-এর সাথে "being" বসবে।
• Perfect tense থাকলেই Auxiliary verb-এর সাথে "been" যোগ হবে।
• Passive Voice মানেই মূল Verb-টি সবসময় V3 (Past Participle) ফর্মে থাকবে।