Interrogative and Assertive Transformation

Transformation of Sentences: Assertive to Interrogative (and vice versa)#

হ্যালো learners! SSC, HSC বা যেকোনো competitive exam-এ Transformation of Sentences একটি অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ টপিক। আজকের লেসনে আমরা শিখব কীভাবে খুব সহজে Assertive sentence-কে Interrogative এবং Interrogative sentence-কে Assertive-এ রূপান্তর (transform) করতে হয়।

মূল থিওরি (Golden Rule)#

Transformation-এর সবচেয়ে বড় নিয়ম হলো: অর্থ (Meaning) অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে।

• 1.Assertive sentence যদি Affirmative (হ্যাঁ-বোধক) হয়, তবে Interrogative করার সময় তা Negative-Interrogative (না-বোধক প্রশ্ন) হবে।
• 2.Assertive sentence যদি Negative (না-বোধক) হয়, তবে Interrogative করার সময় তা Affirmative-Interrogative (হ্যাঁ-বোধক প্রশ্ন) হবে।

Rule 1: Auxiliary Verb (am, is, are, was, were, have, has, can, could, will ইত্যাদি) থাকলে#

• Structure (Affirmative to Negative-Interrogative): Auxiliary verb + n't + Subject + বাকি অংশ + ?
• Assertive: He is a brilliant student.
• Interrogative: Isn't he a brilliant student?

• Structure (Negative to Affirmative-Interrogative): Auxiliary verb + Subject + বাকি অংশ + ? (not উঠে যাবে)
• Assertive: They were not playing football.
• Interrogative: Were they playing football?

Rule 2: Auxiliary Verb না থাকলে (Main Verb থাকলে)#

Auxiliary verb না থাকলে Tense ও Subject অনুযায়ী Do / Does / Did আনতে হবে।

• Present Indefinite (Base Form): Don't + Sub + Verb-এর base form + ... + ?
• Assertive: You like coffee.
• Interrogative: Don't you like coffee?

• Present Indefinite (s/es যুক্ত): Doesn't + Sub + Verb-এর base form + ... + ?
• Assertive: She sings well.
• Interrogative: Doesn't she sing well?

• Past Indefinite (Past Form): Didn't + Sub + Verb-এর base form + ... + ?
• Assertive: Rakib went to school.
• Interrogative: Didn't Rakib go to school?

Rule 3: Never এবং Nothing-এর ব্যবহার#

Assertive sentence-এ Never থাকলে Interrogative-এ Ever হয়, এবং Nothing থাকলে Anything হয়।

• Assertive: I never drink tea.
• Interrogative: Do I ever drink tea?

• Assertive: There is nothing to worry about.
• Interrogative: Is there anything to worry about?

Rule 4: Everybody / Everyone / All থাকলে#

Assertive sentence-এ Everybody, Everyone বা All থাকলে Interrogative করার সময় এদের পরিবর্তে Who বসে + Tense অনুযায়ী don't / doesn't / didn't বসে।

• Structure: Who + doesn't / didn't + Verb 1 + ... + ?
• Assertive: Everybody wishes to be happy.
• Interrogative: Who doesn't wish to be happy?
• Assertive: All respected him.
• Interrogative: Who didn't respect him?

Rule 5: Nobody / No one / None থাকলে#

Assertive sentence-এ Nobody, No one বা None থাকলে এদের তুলে দিয়ে শুধু Who বসিয়ে বাকি অংশ লিখে শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন (?) দিতে হয়। (অতিরিক্ত no/not আনতে হয় না)।

• Structure: Who + Verb + ... + ?
• Assertive: Nobody believes a liar.
• Interrogative: Who believes a liar?
• Assertive: None can do this work.
• Interrogative: Who can do this work?

Interrogative to Assertive (উল্টো নিয়ম)#

একই নিয়মগুলো রিভার্স (Reverse) করলেই Interrogative থেকে Assertive হয়ে যাবে:

• 1.Isn't honesty the best policy? $\rightarrow$ Honesty is the best policy.
• 2.Who doesn't love his motherland? $\rightarrow$ Everyone loves his motherland.
• 3.Can anyone live alone? $\rightarrow$ No one can live alone.

Quick Practice Task#

নিচের বাক্যগুলো পরিবর্তন করে কমেন্টে/খাতায় প্র্যাকটিস করুন:

• 1.Smoking is bad for health. (Interrogative)
• 2.Does anyone trust a dishonest man? (Assertive)
• 3.He did not attend the meeting. (Interrogative)
• 4.Everyone loves flowers. (Interrogative)

Answers:

• 1.Isn't smoking bad for health?
• 2.No one trusts a dishonest man.
• 3.Did he attend the meeting?
• 4.Who doesn't love flowers?