Transformation of Sentences
Transformation of Sentences (বাক্য রূপান্তর)
Transform sentences while preserving meaning and required structure.
Transformation of Sentences (বাক্য পরিবর্তন)#
Transformation of Sentences এর মূল কথা হলো— Sentence-এর গঠন (structure) পরিবর্তন হবে, কিন্তু মূল অর্থ (meaning) অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে। SSC এবং HSC পরীক্ষায় ভালো নম্বর পাওয়ার জন্য এটি অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি টপিক।
১. Affirmative to Negative (হ্যাঁ-বোধক থেকে না-বোধক)#
Rule 1: Only বা Alone থাকলে#
- ব্যক্তি বা স্রষ্টার ক্ষেত্রে: বাক্যের শুরুতে
None butবসে। - Affirmative: Only Allah can save us.
- Negative: None but Allah can save us.
- বস্তুর ক্ষেত্রে: Only-র জায়গায়
Nothing butবসে। - Affirmative: A child likes only sweets.
- Negative: A child likes nothing but sweets.
- বয়স বা সংখ্যার ক্ষেত্রে: Only-র জায়গায়
Not more thanঅথবাNot less thanবসে। - Affirmative: He is only ten.
- Negative: He is not more than ten.
Rule 2: Must / Have to / Has to থাকলে#
Must-এর বদলে Cannot but + Verb-এর base form অথবা Cannot help + (Verb + ing) বসে।
- Affirmative: You must obey your parents.
- Negative: You cannot but obey your parents. (অথবা: You cannot help obeying your parents.)
Rule 3: Every থাকলে#
Every + Noun থাকলে Negative করার নিয়ম: There is no + Noun + but + বাকি অংশ।
- Affirmative: Every mother loves her child.
- Negative: There is no mother but loves her child.
Rule 4: As soon as থাকলে#
As soon as যুক্ত বাক্যকে Negative করতে No sooner had ... than ব্যবহার করতে হয়।
- Affirmative: As soon as the teacher entered the class, the students stood up.
- Negative: No sooner had the teacher entered the class than the students stood up.
২. Assertive to Interrogative (বিবৃতিমূলক থেকে প্রশ্নবোধক)#
- General Rule: বাক্যটি Affirmative হলে Interrogative হবে Negative-Interrogative। আর বাক্যটি Negative হলে Interrogative হবে Affirmative।
- Assertive: Knowledge is power.
- Interrogative: Isn't knowledge power?
- Assertive: He was not late.
- Interrogative: Was he late?
- Everybody / Everyone / All থাকলে: এদের পরিবর্তে
Who + does not/did not/cannot + Verb-এর present form ...?বসে। - Assertive: Everybody loves flowers.
- Interrogative: Who does not love flowers?
- Nobody / No one / None থাকলে: এদের জায়গায় কেবল
Whoবসিয়ে বাকি অংশ অপরিবর্তিত রেখে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন দিতে হয়। - Assertive: None can do this.
- Interrogative: Who can do this?
৩. Exclamatory to Assertive (আবেগসূচক থেকে বিবৃতিমূলক)#
- How / What a যুক্ত বাক্য:
- গঠন:
Subject + Verb + (a/an) + very/great + Adjective/Noun - Exclamatory: How beautiful the bird is!
- Assertive: The bird is very beautiful.
- Exclamatory: What a fool you are!
- Assertive: You are a great fool.
- Hurrah! / Alas! যুক্ত বাক্য:
- Exclamatory: Hurrah! We have won the game.
- Assertive: It is a matter of joy that we have won the game.
- Exclamatory: Alas! He is no more.
- Assertive: It is a matter of sorrow that he is no more.
৪. Simple, Complex & Compound (সংক্ষিপ্ত রূপান্তর চার্ট)#
| Simple | Complex | Compound |
|---|---|---|
| In spite of / Despite (সত্ত্বেও) | Though / Although | ... but ... |
| By + (Verb+ing) | If + Affirmative | ... and ... |
| Without + (Verb+ing) | If + Negative / Unless | ... or ... |
| Too ... to | So ... that ... cannot/could not | ... very ... and so ... |
উদাহরণ:#
- Simple: In spite of being poor, he is honest.
- Complex: Though he is poor, he is honest.
- Compound: He is poor but he is honest.
Quick Practice (নিজেকে যাচাই করুন):#
- 1.Transformation: Every patriot loves his country. (Make it Negative)
- 2.Transformation: No one can deny the truth. (Make it Interrogative)
- 3.Transformation: If you work hard, you will succeed. (Make it Compound)
Tip: মনে রাখবেন, অর্থ অপরিবর্তিত রাখা Transformation-এর প্রথম শর্ত!
