Sentence Completion

Sentence Completion হলো SSC, HSC এবং বিভিন্ন Admission বা Job Exam-এর জন্য অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি টপিক। এতে একটি বাক্যের অর্ধেক অংশ (incomplete clause/phrase) দেওয়া থাকে এবং প্রাসঙ্গিক অর্থপূর্ণ grammatical rule মেনে বাকি অংশ পূরণ করতে হয়।

নিচে বহুল ব্যবহৃত এবং পরীক্ষায় বারবার আসা কিছু গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Rules আলোচনা করা হলো:

Rule 1: 'It is high time' / 'It is time'#

কোনো কাজ করার উপযুক্ত সময় ইতোমধ্যেই পার হয়ে গেছে এবং এখনই তা করা উচিত—এমন বোঝাতে 'It is high time' বা 'It is time' বসে। এর পর Subject আসলে Verb-এর Past Simple (V2) ফর্ম হয়।

• Structure: It is high time + Subject + Past Indefinite (V2) + Extension
• Example:
• Incomplete: It is high time we...
• Complete: It is high time we changed our bad habits.

(Note: Subject না থাকলে 'to + base verb' দিয়েও করা যায়: It is time to start the work.)

Rule 2: 'Lest' (পাছে ভয় হয় যে / যাতে এমন না ঘটে)#

Lest একটি negative শব্দ, তাই এর পরের clause-এ কোনো negative word (not/never) বসে না।

• Structure: Incomplete clause + lest + Subject + should / might + Base Form of Verb (V1)
• Example:
• Incomplete: Walk fast lest...
• Complete: Walk fast lest you should miss the train.

Rule 3: 'As if' / 'As though' (যেন)#

বাস্তবতা নয় কিন্তু ভান করা বোঝাতে 'as if' বা 'as though' ব্যবহৃত হয়।

• Present Tense + as if / as though + Past Indefinite (be verb হিসেবে সবসময় 'were' বসে)
• Incomplete: He talks as if...
• Complete: He talks as if he were mad. / He talks as if he knew everything.
• Past Tense + as if / as though + Past Perfect
• Incomplete: She behaved as though...
• Complete: She behaved as though she had seen a ghost.

Rule 4: 'So that' / 'In order that' (যাতে / যেন)#

উদ্দেশ্য প্রকাশ করতে 'so that' বা 'in order that' বসে।

• Structure: Present clause + so that + Subject + can/may + V1
• Incomplete: We eat nutritious food so that...
• Complete: We eat nutritious food so that we can stay healthy.
• Structure: Past clause + so that + Subject + could/might + V1
• Incomplete: He worked hard so that...
• Complete: He worked hard so that he could succeed in life.

Rule 5: Conditionals (If-clauses)#

• ১.First Conditional (Probable future):

• If + Present Indefinite, Future Indefinite (Subject + will/can/may + V1)
• Example: If it rains, we will not go out.

• ২.Second Conditional (Imaginary/Unreal present):

• If + Past Indefinite, Subject + would/could/might + V1
• Example: If I had enough money, I would help the poor.

• ৩.Third Conditional (Unfulfilled past):

• If + Past Perfect (had + V3), Subject + would have/could have + V3
• Example: If you had studied properly, you would have passed the exam.

Rule 6: 'No sooner had ... than'#

একটি কাজ শেষ হতে না হতেই আরেকটি কাজ শুরু হয়েছিল বোঝাতে এই structure ব্যবহৃত হয়।

• Structure: No sooner had + Subject + V3 ... than + Subject + Past Indefinite (V2)
• Example:
• Incomplete: No sooner had the teacher entered the classroom...
• Complete: No sooner had the teacher entered the classroom than the students stood up.

(Scarcely had ... when / Hardly had ... when একইভাবে কাজ করে।)

Rule 7: 'Too ... to' এবং 'So ... that'#

• Too ... to (এতই ... যে করতে পারে না - Negative sense):
• Example: The man is too weak to walk.
• So ... that (এতই ... যে):
• Example: The load was so heavy that he could not carry it.

Practice for Exam:#

• 1.1971 is the year when ________.

• Answer: 1971 is the year when Bangladesh achieved independence.

• 2.Unless you study hard, ________.

• Answer: Unless you study hard, you will fail in the exam.

• 3.Strike the iron while ________.

• Answer: Strike the iron while it is hot.